Fluxes ƙananan siffar narkewar gilashin gilashi a cikin gilashi, jikin yumbu, da wasu kayan yumbura. Kodayake maginin bai buƙatar sani game da fannoni daban-daban, basirar ilimi game da nau'in haruffa yana taimakawa wajen fahimtar abubuwan da kake da shi yayin da kuke aiki tare da glazes.
Ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da za a iya rarraba fom din shi ne ta babban bangaren su. Dole ne a tuna da cewa wadannan abubuwa ne wanda aka sarrafa a cikin ƙananan (yawancin lokaci ana rarraba). Bambanci yakan faru a wasu lokuta, kuma ma'adinai suna wasa.
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Wood Ashes
MichaelDrapeau / Getty Images Wood ash ne banda ga samfurin da aka sama. Kayan da aka gyara a cikin ash sun bambanta kuma suna da hadari. Ana iya ɗaukar ƙura a matsayin abin da ke faruwa a yanayi.
Sauran tushen ash da za a iya amfani dasu shine reeds, ciyawa, bambaro, ganye, da sauransu. Babban abun ciki na alkaline, wanda yayi aiki a matsayin gumi a cikin iska, yana da damuwa, don haka wasu sukan wanke toka kafin amfani. Wanke ash ba ya gudana da kuma tsabtace ash, kuma zai bukaci karin abun ciki a cikin wuta.
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Sodium Fluxes
Hanyoyin ruwan sanyi suna amfani da su a tsakiyar tsaka-tsakin wuta. Fassara na sodium sun hada da:
- Sds feldspar , irin su kasuwancin samuwa Kona F-4.
- Harshen Nephaline: wani sds feldspar wanda ya hada da wasu potassium, yana da ƙananan zafin jiki fiye da soda feldspar, kuma yana da amfani a cikin tsakiyar yanayin zafi. Yawancin lokaci an rage su da "neph sye" da wasu maginin tukwane.
- Sodium carbonate: aka soda ash.
- Sodium chloride: aka gishiri gishiri. An yi amfani da shi a gishiri da gishiri a cikin saggers.
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Flux potassium
Rikicin potassium-giraguwa yana da karfin hali fiye da soda-fluxed glazes. An fi dacewa da potassium ga giraben wuta. Furotin na potassium sun hada da:
- Potash feldspars, irin su Custer da G-200.
- Cornwall dutse: dutse dutse dutse. Ya ƙunshi yafi potassium, amma har yana da sodium da alli.
- Tsarin wuta: Mafi mahimmanci a potassium, amma abun da ke cikin sinadaran zai iya bambanta. Kullum yi wasu gwajin gwaji lokacin amfani da sabon jakar volcanic ash lokacin da ka haɗu da kansa.
- Potassium carbonate: aka lu'u-lu'u ash. Ana amfani dashi mafi yawa azaman gyaran launi.
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Lithium Fluxes
Ana amfani da Lithium duka don yin amfani da ruwa da kuma karfafa ƙarfin girma a cikin giraben crystalline. Fushin lithium sun hada da:
- Lithium feldspars, irin su spodumene da Petalite.
- Kwayar lithium carbonate: littafi mai mahimmanci na lithium don bunkasa girma.
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Boron Fluxes
Boron ne mafi yawan amfani da wutar lantarki mafi sauƙi, banda gubar. Hanyoyi na Boron sun hada da:
- Gerstley Borate: Ba a yi ba, amma akwai iyakance kaɗan. Sauye-sauye na sassauci suna samuwa daga masu yawa.
- Colemanite
- Borax: sau da yawa ana amfani dashi a cikin rauka gilashi kuma don sassaukaka kyamarori mafi girma.
- Furotin dauke da furotin kamar Ferro 3110, 3124, da 3134.
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Calcium Fluxes
Ba'a amfani da haruffan calcium kamar sau da yawa kamar furo-fatsin furotin. Sun hada da:
- Whiting: Cakuda carbonate da lemun tsami. An yi amfani dashi a cikin kyarkun wuta.
- Dolomite: carbonate-magnesium carbonate da aka yi amfani da su a cikin wutar glazes high-wuta.
- Wollastonite: silicium silicate da aka yi amfani dashi a jikin jikin yumbu da gira. Yana ƙarfafa ƙarfi kuma yana rage shrinkage.
- Bone ash: akasarin calcium phosphate. An yi amfani dashi don samar da opacity da opalescence a cikin glazes, kazalika da kasancewa mai gudana.
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Magnesium Fluxes
Hanyoyi na Magnesium sun hada da:
- Ma'ajin carbon Magnesium: Hanya don wutar lantarki, ƙara haɓakaccen haske da danko. An yi amfani dashi ga mattes .
- Talc: An yi amfani dashi a cikin jikin kasusuwan ƙananan zazzabi, kuma a matsayin mai haɗari a cikin ƙananan bishiyoyi da ƙananan wuta.
- Dolomite: haɗin giramin magnesium carbonate da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin wutar lantarki lokacin da ake bukata duka abubuwa guda biyu.
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Barium Carbonate
Ana amfani da carbonate a matsayin yanayin hawan jini a yanayin zafi. Za a iya samar da satin-matte, matte, da stony matte glazes.
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Strontium Carbonate
Za'a iya amfani da carbonate na strontium sosai kamar carbonci carbon carbon (whiting) amma kuma yana ƙara juriya ga jingina da fasaha.
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Hanyoyin Gubar
Yawancin tarihi ya kasance mafi yawan amfani. Yana samar da kyau sosai a cikin glazes yanayin zafi da kuma inganta launuka. Har ila yau yana da maɗari sosai kuma mai amfani da wuya ya yi amfani da shi a cikin kasashe masu masana'antu. Ko da lokacin da aka kori, gubar zai fita daga cikin baza cikin abinci ko abin sha, musamman wadanda suke da acidic. Ya kamata a yi amfani da gilashi na kowane nau'i don gwanin aiki.
- Jagora ja da gubar fari: waɗannan su ne nau'i nau'i guda biyu na gishiri mai kyau kuma suna da guba sosai. Matsayi ya kasance a cikin jiki ba tare da dindindin ba, wanda hakan ya haifar da karuwar yawan karuwa.
- Gubar silicate da sauran guri: Fritted gubar mahadi su ne ƙasa da guba fiye da raw kaiwa. Su har yanzu suna da haɗari, duk da haka, kuma mafiya kaucewa.
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Zinc Oxide
Zinc oxide yana aiki a matsayin hawan yanayi a yanayin zafi. Duk da haka, zai raguwa cikin yanayi mai raguwa , wanda zai haifar da fitsari masu guba. Zinc oxide kuma iya ara opacity kuma a cikin yawa zai iya karfafa crystal girma.
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Iron Fluxes
Ba'a sani da ƙarfe a matsayin mai launi ba, amma kuma zai iya aiki a matsayin mai karfi, musamman ma a rage yawan yanayi. Ana amfani da oxide a matsayin mai laushi , yayin da 5% ko fiye na oxygen ferrous yana samar da wani aiki mai karfi.