Muna da masaniya da terracotta-yana da yumbu mai sauƙi wanda zai zo cikin launuka mai launi na jan da orange-amma menene wasu daga cikin siffofin da suka bambanta da yawa wadanda suka jagoranci shi ya zama shahararren yadu a cikin lokaci?
Kalmar terracotta ta samo asali ne daga ainihin fassara ta Italiyanci "gauraye ƙasa" da kuma amfani da shi a fadin duniya yana da muhimmin wuri a tarihin (kuma ya ci gaba da amfani da ita a yau).
Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da aka ambata a farko shine a cikin fasahar rigakafi, tare da wasu tukunyar da suka fi girma a lokacin da ake samun su har zuwa 24,000 BC. Abin sha'awa, an gano wadannan matakan farko surar siffofin siffofin terracotta na Palaeolithic, maimakon wuraren dafa abinci, kamar yadda kuke tsammani, yana nuna yadda ake amfani da terracotta a cikin fasaha. Mai yiwuwa, fasahar fasahar Terracotta da aka fi sani da ita ita ce rundunar sojojin Terracotta na kasar Sin, wadda ta kasance babban nau'in tarin fuka-fuka na sama da sojoji 8,000 da kuma dawakai 520 waɗanda aka samo a farkon Sarkin sarakuna na Sin, masarautar Sarkin Qin Shi Huang (246-208 KZ, amma ba an gano har zuwa 1974 by manoma na gida na kasar Sin). Terracotta tana da fifiko ga sassaka, ya ba ta rubutu mai zurfi kuma mai sauƙi kuma sauƙi don a tsara shi. Yana da wani abu mai sauki don yin aiki tare da, fiye da fadin marmara ko tagulla. Terracotta yana da alaka da haɗin gine-gine, mafi yawa a cikin tudun rufi da kuma aikin tubali, saboda yana da kyau mai kyau, kyakkyawa a launi da kuma ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan layi don aiki tare da.
Har ila yau, wani abu ne tare da saukar da hadarin wuta a gine-gine. Terracotta kuma ana amfani dasu sosai don yin fure-fure da kayan ado na kayan ado na musamman.
Menene Abubuwan Terracotta?
Terracotta yana daya daga cikin nau'o'in yumɓun da za ku iya gani, ya ba ta arziki, tsatsa ja / orange canza launin.
Dalilin wannan launi mai launi shine cewa abun ƙarfe a cikin yumburan yumbura yana haɗuwa da oxygen kuma ya ba shi wani nau'i wanda yake da kodayake reds, oranges, yellows and even pinks.
Abubuwan mallakar terracotta sune cewa yumbu mai laushi ya yi aiki tare da shi, kuma za'a iya amfani dashi kuma ba tare da ɓoye ba, wanda ya kara da cewa ya yi kira. Ɗaya daga cikin gashin gashi yana buƙatar yin shi mai tsabta. Yayinda ake cike da terracotta, launuka mai launi suna yawanci da yawa saboda suna aiki da kyau tare da yawan zafin jiki na terracotta, kimanin 1100 C (2012 F) zuwa 1200 C (2192 F) don ƙirƙirar bambanci da jikin orange. Wadannan yanayin zafi masu zafi ma yana nufin ƙananan farashin kuɗi. A wasu lokuta, an kashe terracotta a matsayin ƙananan digiri Celsius 600. Majolica ware za a iya ƙirƙirar da terracotta by bisque-firing da terracotta guda da kuma zanen su da wani fata na fata glaze kuma firing da su sake. Wani lokaci, babu wani abu da ya kamata a yi amfani da shi a kan terracotta don bunkasa launi mai tsabta kuma ya ba shi babban haske.
An bar magunguna na farko kawai don yin doki da gasa a cikin rana mai zafi, yayin da wasu daga bisani (a gaban kilns) an kori a cikin toka na bude wuta. Wani babban kayan da terracotta ke da shi shine cewa zai iya tsayayya da canjin canjin yanayi dabam dabam tare da ƙananan haɓakaccen haɗuwa , yana yin aiki mai ban sha'awa.
A ina za a iya samun Terracotta Clay?
Ɗaya daga cikin manyan dalilai da cewa terracotta ya kasance a cikin tarihi a fadin yawancin nau'o'in shine cewa za'a iya samuwa a kowane wuri kuma an san shi a matsayin kasuwa mafi yawanci a duk fadin nahiyar. Terracotta mafi yawanci ba laka mai tsabta kuma an samo shi gauraye da wasu ma'adanai cike da ruwa da kuma yalwaccen ƙarfe .
A ina za ku ga abubuwa masu daraja na Terracotta?
Ziyarci Sin don ganin sojojin Terracotta ga kowane ɗan tukwane yana da kwarewa a kowane lokaci. Bisa nisan kilomita 23 daga Xian City, ita ce babbar kabarin sarauta a kasar, yana rufe ɗakunan 558 acres kuma aka ba da matsayin UNESCO ta Duniya.
Masaukin Victoria da Albert a London kuma suna da wasu misalan misalai, ciki har da wani kayan tarihi na Pierre Merard da Tarihin Tarihi na Vienna na Tarihi wanda ke da tarihin rayuwa mafi girma a cikin duniyar yakin duniya wanda ya kai kimanin 26,000 KZ; wani siffa mai suna Venus na Dolni Vestonice wanda aka samo a Jamhuriyar Czech.
Game da gine-ginen, Bel Edison Gidan Telephone a Birmingham misali ne mai kyau wanda ke da nasaba da terracotta Victorian.