Shahararren ƙwararraki da kuke buƙatar sani game da Amurka

'Yan tukwane na Amurka wadanda suka tsara karnuka da aikinsu

Peter Voulkos

An haife shi a ranar 29 ga watan Janairun 1924 a Bozeman, Montana, irin wannan nauyin ma'aunin ɗan Amirka / Girkanci, Peter Voulkos ya yi aiki da New York Times ya rubuta cewa "'yan fasaha sun canza matsakaicin matsakaici ko alama kamar MrVoulkos". Ayyukansa masu ban sha'awa sun kasance fiye da shekaru hamsin kuma ya kasance babbar tasiri a cikin 'juyin juya halin kirkiro na shekarun 1950' (wanda aka fi sani da 'juyin juya halin yumɓu na Amurka').

Babban mahimmanci, shi mai zane-zane ne mai aiki a kan manyan nau'o'i masu yawa waɗanda aka kori a cikin kayan lantarki da na gas. Ya shawo kan layin da ke tsakanin kayan ado da fasaha mai kyau da kuma sanannen shahararrun abubuwansa tare da zubar da hanyoyi. An kuma san shi don yin amfani da hanyar maganin gujera a cikin kayan ado. Yayinda gabashin gabas ta shafe shi, sai ya koma wurin yin amfani da kullun anagama. Kiln magunguna wani nau'in kullun Japan ne da ke konewa a ɗaki guda tare da akwatin wuta a ciki kuma yana da babbar rami mai shinge don samun iska da kuma motsa jiki. Ya kasance daya daga cikin masu farko na yada jita-jita don kawo irin wannan fasaha daga gabas zuwa Amurka. A lokacin aikinsa, Peter ya kafa sashen kyan gani a Otis College of Art and Design da Jami'ar California, Berkeley, kuma dukkanin masu hoton da ya sadu a wannan aikin sun hada da Robert Rauschenberg da John Cage da Willem de Kooning zuwa Franz Kline.

Bitrus ya mutu a shekarar 2002 kuma ana iya ganin aikinsa a ko'ina daga Victoria da Albert Museum a London zuwa ga Smithsonian Institution a Washington DC.

Vivika da Otto Heino

Husband da matar Duo Vivika da Otto Heino sun haɗu tare da shekaru fiye da 35 kuma an san su ne kawai don shiga aikin su kamar Vivika + Otto, ko da wane ne daga cikinsu ya yi shi.

Ma'aurata biyu dukansu biyu ne na Finnish kuma sun sadu yayin karatun kayan ado a New Hampshire (Vivika ne ainihin Otto's tutorial tutor). Otto yana sha'awar kayan kirki ya fara ne bayan ya kallon maigida mai girma Bernard Leach a cikin aikinsa a Birtaniya. Dukansu sun haɗu da aikin su har sai da Vivika ya mutu a 1995 kuma da'awar da aka yi da su, da kuma kasancewa masu sana'a da kuma yin 'yanci da raunuka' shi ne cewa sun "sake fasalin shekarun da suka ɓace" wanda ba zato ba sun sayar da girke-girke ba). Ayyukansu sun kasance mai ban mamaki sosai, ta hanyar amfani da magungunan tarwatsa guda ɗaya wanda ke da wariyar Scandinavia, a cikin girmamawa ga al'adunsu, watakila. Vivika ta ci gaba da koyaswa a cikin rayuwarta kuma a tsawon shekarun da suka haifar da dubban magunguna na musamman daga ɗakunan fasahar su, Pottery a Los Angeles.

Maria Martinez

Maria Martinez ta fara koyon yadda za a yi kayan ado kamar yadda yaro a cikin ƙasar Rio Grande Valley na New Mexico. Mahaifiyarta ta koya ta, Maria ta zama mafi yawan shekaru da aka fi sani da ita wajen yin tukunya. Kuma saboda rayuwarta ta rayuwa a cikin tukunyar baƙaƙe na duniya ta kasance ta karramawa daga ko'ina cikin duniya, a matsayin 'daya daga cikin masu fasahar fasahar fasaha a duniya', 'yan majalisa hudu ne suka halarci fadar White House.

An ce Maryamu ta halicci 'baƙar fata a kan ƙwayar baƙar fata' kuma ta ajiye al'adar kayan ado a garinsu, wanda ya fara karuwa, saboda mutane sun dauki sayan mai daɗin kuɗi kaɗan don amfani da su a matsayin kaya maimakon kayan ado. Ta gano hanyar da ta fi dacewa ta sa tukunyarta ta 'shayar da wuta mai dadi tare da ƙuƙwalwar ƙwayar wake-wake da ƙyallen hayaki sannan kuma ta yi amfani da nau'i na musamman a fitila '. Haɗuwa da waɗannan abubuwa guda biyu: hayaki mai kama da haushi da ƙananan zazzabi a cikin wuta, ana nufin 'tukunyar yumɓu mai laushi ya juya baki'. Aikin marigayi Maryamu ya kasance da haɓaka tare da haɗin gwiwar tare da mijinta mai suna Julian, sai ya zana kayan ado mai kyau na yumbura kuma ya kawo kayan da aka lalata. Ayyukan su na musamman da na zamani sun ba da labarin ga ma'aurata da kuma garinsu.