Tsarin Tsarin Ganye da Tsarin Abubu

Steuben Glass Works ya sanya gilashi iri iri a cikin shekarunsa. Daga waɗanda ke da nauyin haɗuwa zuwa ƙananan cike da kayan ado, koyi game da wasu daga cikinsu a nan.

• 01 na 04

  Aurene

  Gilashin Gold Aurene na farko shine Steuben a 1904, kuma an samar da shi a cikin blue (kamar yadda aka nuna a nan), launin ruwan kasa, ja da kore. Sunan gilashin farko da ake magana da shi a kan ƙarancin zinariya na ƙare.

  Gilashin gilashin da aka yi amfani da shi don yawancin waɗannan yana yawanci, amber ko topaz. An yi amfani da takalmin katako da kuma baƙin ƙarfe da aka yi amfani da shi don ba su cikakkun matte, bisa ga littafin The Collector's Encyclopedia of American Art Glass by John A. Shuman III.

  Lokacin da aka gwada shi da girman kai, dubban kananan ƙyama za a iya gani a gilashin Aurene, wadanda duka suna nunawa kuma suna raguwa da haske don su ba da ita ta ƙarewa. Idan an rasa kusoshi a lokacin da aka yi amfani da spray, an yi la'akari da hasken madubi wanda ba a so.

  Blue Aurene ya zo ne a 1905 lokacin da aka hada cobalt zuwa ma'anar Gold Aurene. An sanya Brown Aurene ta yin amfani da gilashi mai launin ruwan kasa wanda aka zuga da tin din chloride. Alabaster da Calcite Steuben guda guda an yi amfani da shi don tushen ginin Red da Green Aurene sun yi ado da furanni, siffofi na ganye, da kuma kayan ado da aka sani da fuka-fukan ko launuka.

  Aurene ya kasance Steuben har zuwa 1933 lokacin da aka samar da waɗannan kayayyaki. An sanya simuka da yawa fiye da kowane nau'in gilashin Aurene. Dukkan launuka ana daukar su ne masu tarawa da kyawawa, kodayake Gold Aurene da Blue Aurene sukan fi samun sau da yawa. Alamomin da aka yi amfani dashi a kan waɗannan nau'ikan su ne "AURENE" da kuma "STEUBEN AURENE" da aka rubuta a cikin wani salon da ke da sha'awa.

  A lokacin da sabon, Gilashin Aurene ya yi wasa tare da gilashin da aka yi ta Loetz a Austria da Tiffany a Amurka. Bayan da ya fara ganin gilashin Aurene, Louis Comfort Tiffany ya jagorancin Steuben yana tunanin gashin Favrile ana kofe shi. Lokacin da, a gaskiya, hanyar da ake amfani da su don aiwatar da tsarin Steuben ya bambanta da yadda tsarin Tiffany ke ba da shi. Kotu ba ta sanya shi kotu ba.

  Game da Abin da aka nuna a nan:

  Wannan zane-zane na Blue Blue aurene 7 1/2 "mai tsawo ne aka rubuta a matsayin siffar # 2683. Yana da kyau, ko da haɓakaccen kyauta da masu tarawa yake da shi kuma yana cikin kyakkyawan yanayin duka. wani takarda na takarda idan sabon a cikin farkon karni na 1900. Wannan yanki ya sayar da $ 720 (ba tare da kyautar mai siyar) ba a Morphy Auctions a Fabrairu, 2013.

• 02 na 04

  Bubbly

  Duk da cewa ba wai kawai masana'antar da za su yi irin wannan gilashin ba, kayan kasuwancin Steuben na hakika suna da magoya bayan su tattaro ƙungiyoyi. Frederick Carder, co-kafa Steuben Glass Works, ya kirkiro wannan nau'in gilashin iska "Bubbly" a cikin shekarun 1920s kuma kamfanin ya sanya shi a cikin shekarun 1930. Mai yiwuwa ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi da aikinsa na farko tare da Emile Gallé , wanda yayi amfani da fasahar iska don yin ado da gilashi.

  Sassan farko na Bubbly Steuben ne aka yi ta amfani da kayan ado. "Lokacin da aka gilashi gilashin gilashi a kan shinge, sai a bar gilashin gilashi a cikin gilashin gilashi. Na biyu na yin amfani da gilashin gilashin da aka kulle a cikin iska, don haka za'a iya aiwatar da kayayyaki masu sarrafawa," in ji The Collector's Encyclopedia of American Art Glass John A. Shuman III. Sakamakon hakan ya kasance daidai da nau'in kumfa a cikin gilashi.

  An samar da iska mai tsafta a cikin wasu Bubbly guda ta hanyar gabatar da reshe mai walƙiya a cikin gilashi yayin zafi da cire shi nan da nan. Gasses da aka saki daga kore itace za su taimaka wa masu fasahar gilashi suyi aiki. Hakanan kuma wannan hanya ya shafe tsire-tsire da ruwan hoda wanda zai iya faruwa a cikin gilashi marar launi, a cewar Shuman.

  Dukkanin abubuwa da Steuben ya saba da su sun kasance irin wannan gilashi, ciki har da vases, bowls, bottles turare, da fitilu. Launuka da aka yi amfani da su sune bayyananne, Antique Green, Bristol Yellow, Wisteria, Topaz, Faransanci, da Pomona Green.

  Wasu sassa kuma suna da zane mai zane don sha'awa. Zaren zai iya kasancewa a cikin launi daya kamar sashin tushe, ko kuma a cikin launi daban-daban kamar launi mai launi akan gilashin da aka nuna a nan.

  Ba duk dukkanin Bubbly guda an sami alama ba. Wasu sun sa alama a kan kwalaye, yayin da wasu suna da takarda takarda har yanzu a haɗe. Wasu daga cikinsu suna da alamar suna da aka rubuta a tsakiyar maƙallan.

  Game da Kayan da aka nuna a nan:

  Wannan nau'i na Steuben Bubbly guda sun haɗa da fitilun da ke daidai, da kuma nau'o'i biyu daban-daban. Biyu daga cikin wadannan nau'o'in sun kasance tare da alamomin Steuben akan ginshiƙan su. Dukkanin guda hudu suna da bambanci da kayan ado a cikin kore. Kuri'a da aka sayar don $ 287.50 (ba tare da kyautar mai siyarwa) a Morphy Auctions a watan Disamba, 2010.

• 03 na 04

  Zamawa da Ruwa

  Wannan hanya na kayan ado da yawa na Steuben Glass Works da ke amfani da filayen gilashi zuwa saman saman wuraren da aka kammala. Wasu sassa, kamar yadda aka yi da kwano da aka nuna a sama, an yi ado a jikin jikin. Yawancin sassa, duk da haka, an yi su ne kawai a kan wani ɓangare na abu.

  "Lokacin da jikunan suka kasance na yau da kullum da kuma kusa da juna, an shirya kayan ado ta na'ura kuma an kwatanta shi da kayan ado.

  A kan abubuwa inda aikace-aikacen ya kasance ba daidai ba ne ko kuma halayyar, mun ce yanki yana da 'kayan ado mai kyau,' in ji Shuman.

  Yawancin irin wannan kayan ado an yi amfani da su a gindin gilashi ko gilashi ko kuma reeded. Hannun hannu na amfani da su zai iya aunawa daga nau'in gashin gashi kamar yadda ya kamata har zuwa mita 1/4-fadi. Dabarar ta samu ta hanyar gilashi mai juyawa wani abu da aka haɗe zuwa sandar tsuntsaye akan hannun kujera. Sai aka zubar da nau'in gilashin gilashi a kan wannan yanki a aikace mai kyau. Wasu ɓangarori suna da aikace-aikace na zafin jiki na zaren don su sauka a cikin wata hanyar da ba a fadi ba, a cewar Shuman. An sanya wasu zaren, ko kuma sunyi tafe tare da farfajiyar, yayin da wasu suka kasance a saman gilashin gilashi.

  Sanya wannan ba a cikin gilashin gilashi ya fi zama abin lalacewa tun lokacin da zai iya karyawa da sauri. A gaskiya ma, yana da kyau a duba firayi na Steuben ko raɗaɗɗɗa guda don raunuka kafin sayen su. Rubutun a kan wannan gilashin kuma an san shi don kasancewa da turɓaya da datti a cikin maɗaukaki nau'i na zaren.

  Game da Kayan da aka nuna a nan:

  Dukkanin guda da aka nuna suna da gilashi mai haske tare da launi mai launi ko reeding. Wannan ya hada da gilashin giya guda biyar, mai riƙe da ƙyallen goshi, da fitilu guda biyu, da kwallu uku tare da mafi girma duka 10 "duka kuma a cikin kyakkyawan yanayin. Wadannan sassan suna sayar da su da yawa don $ 316.25 (ba tare da haɗin mai saye) a Morphy Auctions ba a cikin watan Disamba, 2010.

• 04 04

  Gilashin launi

  Verre de Soie , mai suna "v-air da swah", ya yi ta Steuben Glass Works yayin da Frederick Carder ya zama darektan fasahar kamfanin tun daga 1903 zuwa 1933. An fassara sunan nan zuwa "gilashin siliki" a Faransanci.

  An riga an san wannan nau'i ne mai suna "Flint Iridescent" a lokacin da Stevens da Williams suka yi a farkon shekarun 1880, wani kamfanin kamfanin Carder na kamfanin Ingila ya yi aiki kafin kafin ya kafa Steuben, a cewar Shuman.

  An kira su "VDS" daga ma'aikatan Steuben, irin wannan nau'i mai nauyin kullun da aka samo ta hanyar yaduwa da ƙwayar chloride a kan wani ɓangaren ginin da aka yi na gilashin bayyane. Sakamakon ya zama farin ciki tare da jin dadi sosai. Kuma yayin da yake da wuya a hotunan, kammalawa kuma ya sanya wani bakan gizo bakan gizo wanda ya kasance sananne tare da masu amfani lokacin da yake sabo kamar yadda yake tare da masu tarawa a yau. Har ila yau, Carder ya fi son gilashi mai ban sha'awa a cikin rana.

  Masu amfani da masu tarawa sun kira shi "Gilashin Siliki", "Ruhun Angel" da "Angel Skin" daga lokaci zuwa lokaci.